Strengths and Weaknesses of Lithium-Ion Batteries with Silicon Anodes

The “silicon (Si)-based anode has emerged as the most promising anode material for next-generation lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) due to its high specific capacity, suitable operating potential and abundant natural reserves” [Zhao]. These batteries are seen as a bridge between conventional lithium-ion and future technologies (e.g., solid-state). They allow fast charge times, have decent cycle life, and exhibit great energy density. Silicon is also non-toxic and abundantly available.

Lithium-ion batteries with silicon anodes have weaknesses in their low commercial availability and their likelihood of severe volume expansion that could result in mechanical failure and thermal runaway. They also have poor self-discharge rates and shelf-life.

Image: Amprius Technologies, Inc